System.Interactive.Async

Provides an additional set of extension methods for writing in-memory queries, transformations of async-enumerable sequences.

Creates a new enumerable using the specified delegates implementing the members of .

The type of the elements returned by the enumerable sequence. The delegate implementing the method. A new enumerable instance.

Propagates the async-enumerable sequence that reacts first.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. First async-enumerable sequence. Second async-enumerable sequence. An async-enumerable sequence that surfaces either of the given sequences, whichever reacted first. or is null.

Propagates the async-enumerable sequence that reacts first.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Observable sources competing to react first. An async-enumerable sequence that surfaces any of the given sequences, whichever reacted first. is null.

Propagates the async-enumerable sequence that reacts first.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Observable sources competing to react first. An async-enumerable sequence that surfaces any of the given sequences, whichever reacted first. is null.

Hides the identity of an async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence whose identity to hide. An async-enumerable sequence that hides the identity of the source sequence. is null.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values to calculate the average of. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the average of the sequence of values, or null if the source sequence is empty or contains only values that are null. or is null. (Asynchronous) The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Projects each element of an async-enumerable sequence into consecutive non-overlapping buffers which are produced based on element count information.

The type of the elements in the source sequence, and in the lists in the result sequence. Source sequence to produce buffers over. Length of each buffer. An async-enumerable sequence of buffers. is null. is less than or equal to zero.

Projects each element of an async-enumerable sequence into zero or more buffers which are produced based on element count information.

The type of the elements in the source sequence, and in the lists in the result sequence. Source sequence to produce buffers over. Length of each buffer. Number of elements to skip between creation of consecutive buffers. An async-enumerable sequence of buffers. is null. or is less than or equal to zero.

Continues an async-enumerable sequence that is terminated by an exception of the specified type with the async-enumerable sequence produced by the handler.

The type of the elements in the source sequence and sequences returned by the exception handler function. The type of the exception to catch and handle. Needs to derive from . Source sequence. Exception handler function, producing another async-enumerable sequence. An async-enumerable sequence containing the source sequence's elements, followed by the elements produced by the handler's resulting async-enumerable sequence in case an exception occurred. or is null.

Continues an async-enumerable sequence that is terminated by an exception of the specified type with the async-enumerable sequence produced asynchronously by the handler.

The type of the elements in the source sequence and sequences returned by the exception handler function. The type of the exception to catch and handle. Needs to derive from . Source sequence. Exception handler function, producing another async-enumerable sequence asynchronously. An async-enumerable sequence containing the source sequence's elements, followed by the elements produced by the handler's resulting async-enumerable sequence in case an exception occurred. or is null.

Continues an async-enumerable sequence that is terminated by an exception of the specified type with the async-enumerable sequence produced asynchronously (cancellable) by the handler.

The type of the elements in the source sequence and sequences returned by the exception handler function. The type of the exception to catch and handle. Needs to derive from . Source sequence. Exception handler function, producing another async-enumerable sequence asynchronously while supporting cancellation. An async-enumerable sequence containing the source sequence's elements, followed by the elements produced by the handler's resulting async-enumerable sequence in case an exception occurred. or is null.

Continues an async-enumerable sequence that is terminated by an exception with the next async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source and handler sequences. Observable sequences to catch exceptions for. An async-enumerable sequence containing elements from consecutive source sequences until a source sequence terminates successfully. is null.

Continues an async-enumerable sequence that is terminated by an exception with the next async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source and handler sequences. Observable sequences to catch exceptions for. An async-enumerable sequence containing elements from consecutive source sequences until a source sequence terminates successfully. is null.

Continues an async-enumerable sequence that is terminated by an exception with the next async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence and handler sequence. First async-enumerable sequence whose exception (if any) is caught. Second async-enumerable sequence used to produce results when an error occurred in the first sequence. An async-enumerable sequence containing the first sequence's elements, followed by the elements of the second sequence in case an exception occurred. or is null.

Concatenates all inner async-enumerable sequences, as long as the previous async-enumerable sequence terminated successfully.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Observable sequence of inner async-enumerable sequences. An async-enumerable sequence that contains the elements of each observed inner sequence, in sequential order. is null.

Concatenates all async-enumerable sequences in the given enumerable sequence, as long as the previous async-enumerable sequence terminated successfully.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Observable sequences to concatenate. An async-enumerable sequence that contains the elements of each given sequence, in sequential order. is null.

Concatenates all of the specified async-enumerable sequences, as long as the previous async-enumerable sequence terminated successfully.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Observable sequences to concatenate. An async-enumerable sequence that contains the elements of each given sequence, in sequential order. is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that invokes the specified factory function whenever a new observer subscribes.

The type of the elements in the sequence returned by the factory function, and in the resulting sequence. The async-enumerable factory function to invoke for each consumer that starts enumerating the resulting asynchronous sequence. An async-enumerable sequence whose observers trigger an invocation of the given async-enumerable factory function. is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that starts the specified asynchronous factory function whenever a new observer subscribes.

The type of the elements in the sequence returned by the factory function, and in the resulting sequence. Asynchronous factory function to start for each consumer that starts enumerating the resulting asynchronous sequence. An async-enumerable sequence whose observers trigger the given asynchronous async-enumerable factory function to be started. is null. This operator is especially useful in conjunction with the asynchronous programming features introduced in C# 5.0 and Visual Basic 11.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that starts the specified cancellable asynchronous factory function whenever a new observer subscribes. The CancellationToken passed to the asynchronous factory function is tied to the returned disposable subscription, allowing best-effort cancellation.

The type of the elements in the sequence returned by the factory function, and in the resulting sequence. Asynchronous factory function, supporting cancellation, to start for each consumer that starts enumerating the resulting asynchronous sequence. An async-enumerable sequence whose observers trigger the given asynchronous async-enumerable factory function to be started. is null. This operator is especially useful in conjunction with the asynchronous programming features introduced in C# 5.0 and Visual Basic 11. When a subscription to the resulting sequence is disposed, the CancellationToken that was fed to the asynchronous async-enumerable factory function will be signaled.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct elements according to the keySelector.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct elements for. A function to compute the comparison key for each element. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or is null. Usage of this operator should be considered carefully due to the maintenance of an internal lookup structure which can grow large.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct elements according to the keySelector and the comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct elements for. A function to compute the comparison key for each element. Equality comparer for source elements. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or or is null. Usage of this operator should be considered carefully due to the maintenance of an internal lookup structure which can grow large.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct elements according to the asynchronous keySelector.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct elements for. An asynchronous function to compute the comparison key for each element. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or is null. Usage of this operator should be considered carefully due to the maintenance of an internal lookup structure which can grow large.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct elements according to the asynchronous (cancellable) keySelector.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct elements for. An asynchronous (cancellable) function to compute the comparison key for each element. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or is null. Usage of this operator should be considered carefully due to the maintenance of an internal lookup structure which can grow large.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct elements according to the asynchronous keySelector and the comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct elements for. An asynchronous function to compute the comparison key for each element. Equality comparer for source elements. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or or is null. Usage of this operator should be considered carefully due to the maintenance of an internal lookup structure which can grow large.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct elements according to the asynchronous (cancellable) keySelector and the comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct elements for. An asynchronous (cancellable) function to compute the comparison key for each element. Equality comparer for source elements. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or or is null. Usage of this operator should be considered carefully due to the maintenance of an internal lookup structure which can grow large.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct contiguous elements.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct contiguous elements for. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct contiguous elements from the source sequence. is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct contiguous elements according to the comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct contiguous elements for. Equality comparer for source elements. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct contiguous elements from the source sequence. or is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct contiguous elements according to the keySelector.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct contiguous elements for, based on a computed key value. A function to compute the comparison key for each element. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct contiguous elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct contiguous elements according to the keySelector and the comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct contiguous elements for, based on a computed key value. A function to compute the comparison key for each element. Equality comparer for computed key values. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct contiguous elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or or is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct contiguous elements according to the asynchronous keySelector.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct contiguous elements for, based on a computed key value. A function to compute the comparison key for each element asynchronously. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct contiguous elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct contiguous elements according to the asynchronous and cancellable keySelector.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct contiguous elements for, based on a computed key value. A function to compute the comparison key for each element asynchronously while supporting cancellation. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct contiguous elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct contiguous elements according to the asynchronous keySelector and the comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct contiguous elements for, based on a computed key value. A function to compute the comparison key for each element asynchronously. Equality comparer for computed key values. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct contiguous elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or or is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains only distinct contiguous elements according to the asynchronous and cancellable keySelector and the comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the discriminator key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to retain distinct contiguous elements for, based on a computed key value. A function to compute the comparison key for each element asynchronously while supporting cancellation. Equality comparer for computed key values. An async-enumerable sequence only containing the distinct contiguous elements, based on a computed key value, from the source sequence. or or is null.

Invokes an action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence, and propagates all observer messages through the result sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke for each element in the async-enumerable sequence. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or is null.

Invokes an action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence and invokes an action upon graceful termination of the async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke for each element in the async-enumerable sequence. Action to invoke upon graceful termination of the async-enumerable sequence. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or or is null.

Invokes an action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence and invokes an action upon exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke for each element in the async-enumerable sequence. Action to invoke upon exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or or is null.

Invokes an action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence and invokes an action upon graceful or exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke for each element in the async-enumerable sequence. Action to invoke upon exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. Action to invoke upon graceful termination of the async-enumerable sequence. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or or or is null.

Invokes and awaits an asynchronous action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence, and propagates all observer messages through the result sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke and await for each element in the async-enumerable sequence. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or is null.

Invokes and awaits an asynchronous action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence, then invokes and awaits an asynchronous an action upon graceful termination of the async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke and await for each element in the async-enumerable sequence. Action to invoke and await upon graceful termination of the async-enumerable sequence. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or or is null.

Invokes and awaits an asynchronous action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence, then invokes and awaits an asynchronous action upon exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke and await for each element in the async-enumerable sequence. Action to invoke and await upon exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or or is null.

Invokes and awaits an asynchronous action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence, then invokes and awaits an asynchronous action upon graceful or exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke and await for each element in the async-enumerable sequence. Action to invoke and await upon exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. Action to invoke and await upon graceful termination of the async-enumerable sequence. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or or or is null.

Invokes and awaits an asynchronous (cancellable) action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence, and propagates all observer messages through the result sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke and await for each element in the async-enumerable sequence while supporting cancellation. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or is null.

Invokes and awaits an asynchronous (cancellable) action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence, then invokes and awaits an asynchronous (cancellable) an action upon graceful termination of the async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke and await for each element in the async-enumerable sequence while supporting cancellation. Action to invoke and await upon graceful termination of the async-enumerable sequence while supporting cancellation. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or or is null.

Invokes and awaits an asynchronous (cancellable) action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence, then invokes and awaits an asynchronous (cancellable) action upon exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke and await for each element in the async-enumerable sequence while supporting cancellation. Action to invoke and await upon exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence while supporting cancellation. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or or is null.

Invokes and awaits an asynchronous (cancellable) action for each element in the async-enumerable sequence, then invokes and awaits an asynchronous (cancellable) action upon graceful or exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke and await for each element in the async-enumerable sequence while supporting cancellation. Action to invoke and await upon exceptional termination of the async-enumerable sequence while supporting cancellation. Action to invoke and await upon graceful termination of the async-enumerable sequence while supporting cancellation. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or or or is null.

Invokes the observer's methods for each message in the source async-enumerable sequence. This method can be used for debugging, logging, etc. of query behavior by intercepting the message stream to run arbitrary actions for messages on the pipeline.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Observer whose methods to invoke as part of the source sequence's observation. The source sequence with the side-effecting behavior applied. or is null.

Expands (breadth first) the async-enumerable sequence by recursively applying a selector function to generate more sequences at each recursion level.

Source sequence element type. Source async-enumerable sequence. Selector function to retrieve the next sequence to expand. Sequence with results from the recursive expansion of the source sequence.

Expands (breadth first) the async-enumerable sequence by recursively applying an asynchronous selector function to generate more sequences at each recursion level.

Source sequence element type. Source async-enumerable sequence. Asynchronous selector function to retrieve the next sequence to expand. Sequence with results from the recursive expansion of the source sequence.

Expands (breadth first) the async-enumerable sequence by recursively applying an asynchronous (cancellable) selector function to generate more sequences at each recursion level.

Source sequence element type. Source async-enumerable sequence. Asynchronous (cancellable) selector function to retrieve the next sequence to expand. Sequence with results from the recursive expansion of the source sequence.

Invokes a specified action after the source async-enumerable sequence terminates gracefully or exceptionally.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke after the source async-enumerable sequence terminates. Source sequence with the action-invoking termination behavior applied. or is null.

Invokes a specified asynchronous action after the source async-enumerable sequence terminates gracefully or exceptionally.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. Action to invoke and await asynchronously after the source async-enumerable sequence terminates. Source sequence with the action-invoking termination behavior applied. or is null.

Generates an async-enumerable sequence by running a state-driven loop producing the sequence's elements.

The type of the state used in the generator loop. The type of the elements in the produced sequence. Initial state. Condition to terminate generation (upon returning false). Iteration step function. Selector function for results produced in the sequence. The generated sequence. or or is null.

Ignores all elements in an async-enumerable sequence leaving only the termination messages.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence. An empty async-enumerable sequence that signals termination, successful or exceptional, of the source sequence. is null.

Determines whether an async-enumerable sequence is empty.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to check for emptiness. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element determining whether the source sequence is empty. is null.

Returns the maximum value in an async-enumerable sequence according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to determine the maximum element of. Comparer used to compare elements. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the maximum element in the source sequence. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously and supporting cancellation. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously and supporting cancellation. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously and supporting cancellation. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the maximum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the maximum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously and supporting cancellation. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a maximum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Merges elements from all of the specified async-enumerable sequences into a single async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Async-enumerable sequences. The async-enumerable sequence that merges the elements of the async-enumerable sequences. is null.

Merges elements from all async-enumerable sequences in the given enumerable sequence into a single async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Enumerable sequence of async-enumerable sequences. The async-enumerable sequence that merges the elements of the async-enumerable sequences. is null.

Merges elements from all inner async-enumerable sequences into a single async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Async-enumerable sequence of inner async-enumerable sequences. The async-enumerable sequence that merges the elements of the inner sequences. is null.

Returns the minimum element in an async-enumerable sequence according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to determine the minimum element of. Comparer used to compare elements. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the minimum element in the source sequence. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously and supporting cancellation. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously and supporting cancellation. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously and supporting cancellation. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns the elements in an async-enumerable sequence with the minimum key value according to the specified comparer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the key computed for each element in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence to get the minimum elements for. Key selector function returning a key possibly asynchronously and supporting cancellation. Comparer used to compare key values. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing a list of zero or more elements that have a minimum key value. or or is null. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Returns a non-terminating async-enumerable sequence, which can be used to denote an infinite duration (e.g. when using reactive joins).

The type used for the type parameter of the resulting sequence. An async-enumerable sequence whose consumers will never resume after awaiting .

Concatenates the second async-enumerable sequence to the first async-enumerable sequence upon successful or exceptional termination of the first.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. First async-enumerable sequence whose exception (if any) is caught. Second async-enumerable sequence used to produce results after the first sequence terminates. An async-enumerable sequence that concatenates the first and second sequence, even if the first sequence terminates exceptionally. or is null.

Concatenates all of the specified async-enumerable sequences, even if the previous async-enumerable sequence terminated exceptionally.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Observable sequences to concatenate. An async-enumerable sequence that concatenates the source sequences, even if a sequence terminates exceptionally. is null.

Concatenates all async-enumerable sequences in the given enumerable sequence, even if the previous async-enumerable sequence terminated exceptionally.

The type of the elements in the source sequences. Observable sequences to concatenate. An async-enumerable sequence that concatenates the source sequences, even if a sequence terminates exceptionally. is null.

Repeats the element indefinitely.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Element to repeat. The async-enumerable sequence producing the element repeatedly and sequentially.

Repeats the async-enumerable sequence indefinitely.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Observable sequence to repeat. The async-enumerable sequence producing the elements of the given sequence repeatedly and sequentially. is null.

Repeats the async-enumerable sequence a specified number of times.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Observable sequence to repeat. Number of times to repeat the sequence. The async-enumerable sequence producing the elements of the given sequence repeatedly. is null. is less than zero.

Repeats the source async-enumerable sequence until it successfully terminates.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Observable sequence to repeat until it successfully terminates. An async-enumerable sequence producing the elements of the given sequence repeatedly until it terminates successfully. is null.

Repeats the source async-enumerable sequence the specified number of times or until it successfully terminates.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Observable sequence to repeat until it successfully terminates. Number of times to repeat the sequence. An async-enumerable sequence producing the elements of the given sequence repeatedly until it terminates successfully. is null. is less than zero.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that contains a single element.

The type of the element that will be returned in the produced sequence. Single element in the resulting async-enumerable sequence. An async-enumerable sequence containing the single specified element.

Applies an accumulator function over an async-enumerable sequence and returns each intermediate result. For aggregation behavior with no intermediate results, see .

The type of the elements in the source sequence and the result of the aggregation. An async-enumerable sequence to accumulate over. An accumulator function to be invoked on each element. An async-enumerable sequence containing the accumulated values. or is null.

Applies an accumulator function over an async-enumerable sequence and returns each intermediate result. The specified seed value is used as the initial accumulator value. For aggregation behavior with no intermediate results, see .

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the result of the aggregation. An async-enumerable sequence to accumulate over. The initial accumulator value. An accumulator function to be invoked on each element. An async-enumerable sequence containing the accumulated values. or is null.

Applies an asynchronous accumulator function over an async-enumerable sequence and returns each intermediate result. For aggregation behavior with no intermediate results, see .

The type of the elements in the source sequence and the result of the aggregation. An async-enumerable sequence to accumulate over. An asynchronous accumulator function to be invoked and awaited on each element. An async-enumerable sequence containing the accumulated values. or is null.

Applies an asynchronous (cancellable) accumulator function over an async-enumerable sequence and returns each intermediate result. For aggregation behavior with no intermediate results, see .

The type of the elements in the source sequence and the result of the aggregation. An async-enumerable sequence to accumulate over. An asynchronous (cancellable) accumulator function to be invoked and awaited on each element. An async-enumerable sequence containing the accumulated values. or is null.

Applies an asynchronous accumulator function over an async-enumerable sequence and returns each intermediate result. The specified seed value is used as the initial accumulator value. For aggregation behavior with no intermediate results, see .

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the result of the aggregation. An async-enumerable sequence to accumulate over. The initial accumulator value. An asynchronous accumulator function to be invoked on each element. An async-enumerable sequence containing the accumulated values. or is null.

Applies an asynchronous (cancellable) accumulator function over an async-enumerable sequence and returns each intermediate result. The specified seed value is used as the initial accumulator value. For aggregation behavior with no intermediate results, see .

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the result of the aggregation. An async-enumerable sequence to accumulate over. The initial accumulator value. An asynchronous (cancellable) accumulator function to be invoked on each element. An async-enumerable sequence containing the accumulated values. or is null.

Projects each element of the source async-enumerable sequence to the other async-enumerable sequence and merges the resulting async-enumerable sequences into one async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. The type of the elements in the other sequence and the elements in the result sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of elements to project. An async-enumerable sequence to project each element from the source sequence onto. An async-enumerable sequence whose elements are the result of projecting each source element onto the other sequence and merging all the resulting sequences together. or is null.

Prepends a sequence of values to an async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence to prepend values to. Values to prepend to the specified sequence. The source sequence prepended with the specified values. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. A transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Computes the sum of a sequence of values that are obtained by invoking a transform function on each element of the input sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. A sequence of values that are used to calculate a sum. An asynchronous, cancellable transform function to apply to each element. The optional cancellation token to be used for cancelling the sequence at any time. An async-enumerable sequence containing a single element with the sum of the values in the source sequence. or is null.

Returns an async-enumerable sequence that terminates with an exception.

The type used for the type parameter of the resulting sequence. Exception object used for the sequence's termination. The async-enumerable sequence that terminates exceptionally with the specified exception object. is null.

Applies a timeout policy for each element in the async-enumerable sequence. If the next element isn't received within the specified timeout duration starting from its predecessor, a TimeoutException is propagated to the observer.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Source sequence to perform a timeout for. Maximum duration between values before a timeout occurs. The source sequence with a TimeoutException in case of a timeout. is null. is less than TimeSpan.Zero. (Asynchronous) If no element is produced within from the previous element. In case you only want to timeout on the first element, consider using the operator applied to the source sequence and a delayed sequence. Specifying a TimeSpan.Zero value for is not recommended but supported, causing timeout timers to be scheduled that are due immediately. However, this doesn't guarantee a timeout will occur, even for the first element. This is a side-effect of the asynchrony introduced by the scheduler, where the action to propagate a timeout may not execute immediately, despite the TimeSpan.Zero due time. In such cases, the next element may arrive before the scheduler gets a chance to run the timeout action.

Converts an observable sequence to an async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Observable sequence to convert to an async-enumerable sequence. The async-enumerable sequence whose elements are pulled from the given observable sequence. is null.

Converts a task to an async-enumerable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source task. Task to convert to an async-enumerable sequence. The async-enumerable sequence whose element is pulled from the given task. is null.

Converts an async-enumerable sequence to an observable sequence.

The type of the elements in the source sequence. Enumerable sequence to convert to an observable sequence. The observable sequence whose elements are pulled from the given enumerable sequence. is null.

Constructs an async-enumerable sequence that depends on a resource object, whose lifetime is tied to the resulting async-enumerable sequence's lifetime.

The type of the elements in the produced sequence. The type of the resource used during the generation of the resulting sequence. Needs to implement . Factory function to obtain a resource object. Factory function to obtain an async-enumerable sequence that depends on the obtained resource. An async-enumerable sequence whose lifetime controls the lifetime of the dependent resource object. or is null.

Constructs an async-enumerable sequence that depends on a resource object, whose lifetime is tied to the resulting async-enumerable sequence's lifetime.

The type of the elements in the produced sequence. The type of the resource used during the generation of the resulting sequence. Needs to implement . Asynchronous factory function to obtain a resource object. Asynchronous factory function to obtain an async-enumerable sequence that depends on the obtained resource. An async-enumerable sequence whose lifetime controls the lifetime of the dependent resource object. or is null. This operator is especially useful in conjunction with the asynchronous programming features introduced in C# 5.0 and Visual Basic 11. When a subscription to the resulting sequence is disposed, the CancellationToken that was fed to the asynchronous resource factory and async-enumerable factory functions will be signaled.

Constructs an async-enumerable sequence that depends on a resource object, whose lifetime is tied to the resulting async-enumerable sequence's lifetime. The resource is obtained and used through asynchronous methods. The CancellationToken passed to the asynchronous methods is tied to the returned disposable subscription, allowing best-effort cancellation at any stage of the resource acquisition or usage.

The type of the elements in the produced sequence. The type of the resource used during the generation of the resulting sequence. Needs to implement . Asynchronous factory function to obtain a resource object. Asynchronous factory function to obtain an async-enumerable sequence that depends on the obtained resource. An async-enumerable sequence whose lifetime controls the lifetime of the dependent resource object. or is null. This operator is especially useful in conjunction with the asynchronous programming features introduced in C# 5.0 and Visual Basic 11. When a subscription to the resulting sequence is disposed, the CancellationToken that was fed to the asynchronous resource factory and async-enumerable factory functions will be signaled.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

Computes the average of an async-enumerable sequence of values that are obtained by invoking an asynchronous transform function on each element of the source sequence and awaiting the result.

The type of elements in the source sequence. An async-enumerable sequence of values to compute the average of. A transform function to invoke and await on each element of the source sequence. An optional cancellation token for cancelling the sequence at any time. A ValueTask containing the average of the sequence of values. or is . The source sequence is empty. The return type of this operator differs from the corresponding operator on IEnumerable in order to retain asynchronous behavior.

An iterator that can produce an array or through an optimized path.

This interface is primarily used for internal purposes as an optimization for LINQ operators. Its use is discouraged. It was made public because it was originally defined in the System.Linq.Async package but also used in System.Interactive.Async. Now that System.Linq.Async is being retired in favor of .NET 10.0's System.Linq.AsyncEnumerable, the System.Interactive.Async package no longer takes a dependency on System.Linq.Async, which is why it now defines its own version of this interface here. We can't put a type forwarder in System.Interactive.Async to here because that would risk creating a circular dependency in cases where an application managed to get out-of-sync versions of the two packages, so this interface is not backwards compatible with the old one. If you were implementing this in your own types to get the associated optimizations, be aware that this is not supported, but implementing this copy of the interface (in place of the old version defined in the deprecated System.Linq.Async package) will continue to provide the same (unsupported) behaviour.

Produce an array of the sequence through an optimized path.

The array.

Produce a of the sequence through an optimized path.

The .

Returns the count of elements in the sequence.

If true then the count should only be calculated if doing so is quick (sure or likely to be constant time), otherwise -1 should be returned. The number of elements.